Farewell Saturn Superstar!

cassiniTomorrow, September 15, 2017 at 6:55am Central Time,  just shy of twenty years after launching, the space probe, Cassini, will end its mission by crashing into Saturn.  Cassini, you might remember from our space probe studies, has made remarkable discoveries during its time visiting Saturn.  With the help of the ESA’s hitchhiking probe, Huygens, Cassini discovered lakes of liquid methane (CH4) on Saturn’s moon, Titan, and jets of H2O erupting from its moon, Enceladus.  It has opened our imaginations to the possibility of life on Saturn’s moons.
Cassini/Huygens Discoveries

Life on Enceladus?

If I remember correctly, our friends, Steele, Adrian and Kaylie were our 6th grade experts on this hard-working, history making space probe.  I imagine they will be up early, closely watching the NASA Live Feed tomorrow morning to see their probe’s “Grand Finale” before school. NASA TV Live  I expect that this will be an oddly emotional moment for the very serious and rationale scientists that have worked for over three decades on the Cassini/Hyugens mission.  Thomas Burk, a JPL engineer that has worked tirelessly on the Cassini mission for decades was quoted this week saying:   “It’s been part of my life for so long, this spacecraft, it’s going to be a shock to have this happen,”     I wonder..  How will our experts, Steele, Adrian and Kaylie, feel as Cassini is vaporized tomorrow morning in Saturn’s atmosphere?

Don’t Miss this Memorable Moment

Please watch this amazing National Geographic tribute to Cassini that images its history,
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC IMAGERY
Last good link….
Why NASA is crashing the $4 billion Cassini spacecraft into Saturn

Eclipse Eve Excitement 

The sweet sleepy town of Madras, Oregon (population 5,700) has been transformed as nearly 200,000 people from all over the world arrive to experience Nature’s big show. When we arrived on Friday the streets were wide open and restaurants with special limited menus were wondering where the predicted eclipse chasers were hiding.

Today we are feeling the frenzy!  We spent the morning at the Oregon Solarfest on the Jefferson County Fairgrounds and were treated to talks by NASA solar scientists, views through specialized solar telescopes and chats with fellow space geeks! We loved all the creative Tshirts that fellow eclipse chasers were sporting.  Streets were bumper to bumper in the center of Madras. Cheery entrepreneurs were on every corner with eclipse themed merchandise.  Shop owners were selling out of eclipse glasses, magnets, soaps, post cards, jewelry and so much more!This small central Oregon town that has painstakingly planned for every possible scenario is realizing what it had anticipated today.   We are grateful for their creativity and hospitality!!After driving north bumper to bumper with the happiest traffic bound crowd I’ve ever witnessed, we are now settled in to our tiny two man tent sandwiched between serious ” glampers” on the front row of the eclipse in Solartown. “Solartown” is a farmer’s field that sits right on the centerline of the path of totality just north of the Madras town center.  The field is now an ocean of over 6,000 tents and RVs filled with excited wannabes and real astronomers.  Some of the campsite telescopes are huge! Kind, real astronomers are allowing us wannabes to observe our sun in its full disc glory.  We stared in awe at a whole cluster of sun spots and even a solar prominence! Beautiful snow capped Mount Jefferson looms in the background of our campsite and Mount Hood stands out across an alfalfa field looking north.  The stunning eclipse eve sunset brought truly Madras colored skies and was a perfect preview for tomorrow’s main feature. 


Tomorrow morning we plan to wake up for sunrise and share coffee with our new forever eclipse friends… Kay and Beverly camped on our right and Marek, Amirah and Stephen to our left.   Our camp chairs are already in position facing east over the green field. Our colanders, eclipse glasses, and pinhole projectors are at the ready…..  Clear skies!!! 

    Get Eclipsed… On August 21st. 

    As most of you are aware from a previous post, Mr.Caldwell and I are traveling to our chosen spot in the high desert of Madras, Oregon to experience “totality” during the Great American Eclipse. We are excitedly anticipating the opportunity to experience all the sights, sounds and feels as our sun is fully blocked by the moon  for about 2 minutes. Link to…  Totality Awesome!

    But, on Monday, August 21, 2017,  if you are properly prepared,  you can “get eclipsed” too!  That is because our sun will be at least partially eclipsed by the moon from the viewpoint of every state in the U.S.  This rare opportunity has not occurred since 1918!!

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    The percentage that the sun will be partially covered varies depending on your proximity to the pathway of  eclipse totality.  For example,  if you live in San Francisco 76% of the sun will be covered by the moon’s shadow,  87% in Chicago and 67% here at home in the Houston metropolitan area.

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    Timing matters!  You will need to do some research based on your location on August 21st so you know when to step outside, put on your eclipse safety glasses and stare in awe.  This fantastic link from Time and Date allows you to type in your city name to search exact times and sun coverage at your location    Link To Time and Date Searchable Eclipse Map

    In Houston, the eclipse starts at 11:45am CT with maximum coverage (67%) at 1:16pm and the eclipse ending at 2:45pm.   When you check out the Time and Date weblink, run the animation to see how the partial eclipse will actually appear for its duration….weather permitting of course! Here is a link to a Houston KPRC Channel 2 eclipse news report…Click2 Houston ~ August 21 Eclipse  Many spots in Houston are offering eclipse viewing “parties”.  Even our local Woodlands library on Lake Robbins has an event scheduled that day!

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    SAFETY FIRST!  Looking at the sun anytime is dangerous because its harmful UV rays can permanently damage our eyes.  Instinctively (it hurts!), we don’t stare directly at the sun when we are out enjoying a beautiful sunny day.   However, during a partial eclipse, we will want to stare at the sun to observe the movement of the moon across it.  This is NOT SAFE unless you are wearing protective ISO 12312-2 rated eclipse glasses. Prepare!! You should purchase these NOW as they are selling out quickly from online retailers. Purchase only from NASA approved suppliers:  American Paper Optics, Baader Planetarium (AstroSolar Silver/Gold film only), Rainbow Symphony, Thousand Oaks Optical, and TSE 17 to insure you have the quality necessary to fully protect your eyes. Follow the directions on the glasses for the safe amount of time you can view the sun directly.  Amazon was carrying the American Paper Optics brand that I’m trying out. As of today they still have supplies.  As soon as you get your glasses, go outside and look at the sun with them.  It is pretty cool to just see what the sun normally looks like and then you will have that knowledge for comparison to the eclipse.  If clouds are passing by they will cast a shadow on the sun too.Mrs. Caldwell in Eclipse Glasses

    Since most of you will be at school during peak eclipse viewing time you should plan ahead by alerting the teacher for the class you will be in during the eclipse.  It could be great fun to help your teacher with a lesson that includes taking the class outside for a mini field trip!  Of course, if you are lucky enough to be in a science class at the time of the eclipse, getting your class outside to experience the wonder of such a rare natural phenomenon will likely only require a simple suggestion to your instructor.  But, for other subject areas you made need to offer up some ideas for making your “field trip” an educational experience.  Perhaps a language arts teacher could have you reflect in your writing journal on how seeing your sun’s light partially blocked makes you feel? You could write a poem?   An art teacher could have you create a visual representation of your experience using water colors? Perhaps with a social studies or history class you could research the impact of total eclipses on ancient civilizations? Did you know that in 585 B.C. a war in what is today central Turkey came to an abrupt end when a total solar eclipse was seen as a sign for peace? I’m sure there are more interesting stories that could be researched by inquiring minds! Maybe you can have a few pairs of eclipse glasses that your class can share or get even more energized and make a few cool pinhole viewers for indirect observations of the sun by you and your classmates. They are cheap and easy to make.

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    You don’t have to be in the moon’s narrow umbra shadow to be a part of the Great American Eclipse on August 21st, but you do need to plan and be prepared if you hope to “Get Mooned”.   Stay curious and Never Stop Questioning!!

    Celebrating “One Giant Leap for Mankind”

    Today is the 48th anniversary of the Apollo 11 Moon landing.  This moment, 9:56pm Houston time is the 48th Anniversary of the first human foot step on the Moon.

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    At 3:18pm (CT), on Sunday, July 20, 1969,  Neil Armstrong successfully landed the Lunar Module (named the Eagle) on the lunar surface.  Six hours later, Neil Armstrong descended the steps of the landing module.  At 9:56pm (CT), Neil Armstrong became the first human on the moon.  He spoke these famous first words; “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.”   Twenty minutes later,  Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin became the second human to step on the moon.

    Armstrong and Aldrin then “unveiled” a plaque mounted on the leg strut behind the ladder that had two drawings of the Earth; the Eastern and Western hemispheres. It remains there today and reads:

    “Here Men From Planet Earth
    First Set Foot Upon The Moon
    July 1969 A.D.
    We Came In Peace For All Mankind”

    Video of First Steps!

    The two lunar explorers spent a little over two hours collecting surface material, planting the American flag and taking photos.  They then climbed back into the Eagle and slept for several hours while their “unsung hero”, Michael Collins, continued to patiently orbit in the Command Module (Columbia).  On Monday, July 21st at 12:54pm Houston time the upper stage of the Eagle blasted off the surface to rendezvous with Columbia.  After a three day return journey covering 200,000+ miles, on July 24, 1969, the three astronauts splashed down just before dawn in the Pacific Ocean 825 nautical miles SW of Hawaii in the Columbia capsule.

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    Apollo 11 capsule after splashdown

    On this day, 48 years ago, Armstrong and Aldrin became the first of only 12 humans (all men, all Americans) to walk on the moon.  Those 12 men are the only humans to ever leave Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and step on another natural object in space.

    Mankind has not left LEO since the last Apollo Mission (17) in 1972!  No rocket as powerful as the Apollo missions’ Saturn V has been launched since 1972.   However, those “fun facts” are likely to change in our lifetimes…..

    Interestingly, a remarkably similar photo to the one above, appeared in the Houston Chronicle just last week (below).  The photo however was not a celebrating a past NASA mission but instead was from recent NASA maneuvers in the Gulf to practice astronaut exit procedures for the new ORION spacecraft.

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    Orion capsule testing off the coast of Galveston

    LINK: Orion Testing News Story

    The Orion crew capsule will launch aboard the new SLS rocket!
    Beyond LEO Here We Come!!

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